The international institutions that have a bearing on the international maritime transportation, maritime affairs in general or/and have an association with shipping but not limited to are as below:International Maritime Organisation (IMO) International Labour Organisation (ILQ) World Health Organisation (WHO) International Shipping Federation (ISF) International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) Society of International Gas Tankers and Terminals Operators (SIGTTO) Oil Companies International Marine Forum … [Read more...]
Condition Assessment Programme (CAP)
The Condition Assessment Programme (CAP) is an expertise on the technical ship's condition independent from the classification. Depending on the request, CAP assessment may include the actual technical condition of hull, machinery, electrical installation, and cargo related system. It is an independent and thorough verification to rate the actual condition of the ship, based on detailed inspection and function testing, thickness measurements and strength calculation and performance testing.The CAP is applicable to oil tankers and bulk carriers of 15 years of age and above, and may well be … [Read more...]
Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)
The Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) is intended to complement the requirements of Annex B of the Guidelines on the enhanced programme of inspections during surveys of bulk carriers and oil tankers (hereinafter called Enhanced Survey Programme). The CAS is to verify that the structural condition of single hull oil tankers at the time of survey is acceptable and, provided subsequent periodical surveys are satisfactorily completed and effective maintenance is carried out by the ship’s operator, will continue to be acceptable for a continued period of operation, as indicated in the Statement of … [Read more...]
Port State Control (PSC) – An agreed regime for the inspection of foreign ships
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships present in a nation's port for the purpose of verifying that the condition of the ships and their equipment comply with the provisions of international conventions and codes and that the ships are manned and operated in compliance with those provisions.Many of IMO's most important technical conventions contain provisions for ships to be inspected when they visit foreign ports to ensure that they meet IMO requirements.These inspections were originally intended to be a back up to flag State implementation, but experience has … [Read more...]
ISPS code – A measure to enhance the security of Ships and Port facilities
Purpose The International Maritime Organization (IMO) states that "The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States" (IMO).SOLAS chapter XI-2 part A and part B relates to special measures to enhance maritime security. In this context, the principles behind ISPS code is similar to the ISM code on board. ISPS code emphasizes the security of the persons on … [Read more...]
ISM Code – All you should know about International Safety Management Code
ISM code is International Safety Management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention, as adopted by IMO assembly. The basic principles of the ISM codeSafety of people on board Safety of the ship and cargo Safety of environmentThe Code establishes safety management objectives and requires a safety management system (SMS) to be established by "the Company", which is defined as the shipowner or any person, such as the manager or bareboat charterer, who has assumed responsibility for operating the ship. The Company is then required to establish and … [Read more...]
Harmonized System of Survey and Certification (HSSC)
A harmonized system of survey and certification covering international shipping regulations adopted by the International Maritime Organization enters into force on 3 February 2000. It harmonizes survey procedures and survey dates for all major ship certificates, instead of having different survey procedures and dates for certificates under different conventions.Harmonized System of Survey and Certification (HSSC) was brought about with the sole objective of simplifying and systemizing the survey and certification of ships. This will ensure that survey works will not be duplicated e.g. … [Read more...]
What is Chipping ? Tools, Precautions & Protection
Rust Scale removal by chipping, hammering, scaling and painting constitute the major portion of hull maintenance and requires labour and costs. It is important to do chipping properly not to allow rust again in the place where chipping was carried out once.It is better not to remove rust than chipping halfway through What is Chipping? The removal of weld spatter, rust, or old paint from ironwork using a hammer and cold chisel is called chipping. Chipping Tools Air Hammer Air Disc Sander Air Chisel (Jet needle chisel type) Chipping hammer Scraper Wire … [Read more...]
Gas Tanker – Types, Tanks, Reliquefaction & Cargo handling opertions
Different Types of Gas Tanker Ships Gas carriers can be grouped into five different categories according to the cargo carried and the carriage condition. These are as follows:Fully pressurised ships Semi-pressurised ships Ethylene ships Fully refrigerated LPG ships LNG shipsThe first three ship types listed are most suitable for the shipment of smaller-size cargoes of LPG and chemical gases. This is normally accomplished on short-sea and regional routes. Fully refrigerated ships are used extensively for the carriage of large size cargoes of LPG and ammonia on the deep sea … [Read more...]
Gas Tanker Basics – Definitions and Hazards
Transportation of Liquefied Gases by Sea General For economical marine transportation, gas is carried in a liquefied state. As a liquid, the volume to weight ratio at atmospheric pressure is in the range of 650 times less than in the gaseous state. That means we can carry 650 times more cargo in the liquid state as compared to a carriage in the gaseous state.The temperature at which a gas condenses is a function of its pressure. The combination of pressurising and cooling is, therefore, fundamental to gas carrier design. Some ships carry gases liquefied under pressure & others under … [Read more...]